Bibliography

No general work on the American Civil War can feature “exhaustive” research. By itself, the wealth of newspapers from the nineteenth century, added to the manuscript collections secreted in institutions across the country, makes that virtually impossible. The ever-increasing number of secondary sources—books, articles, and dissertations—are just frosting (mounds and mounds of frosting) on an already towering cake.

The bibliography from Grant Under Fire: An Exposé of Generalship & Character in the American Civil War:

 

Manuscript Collections

Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library, Springfield, Ill.

• John A. McClernand Papers
• Ely Parker Papers
• William R. Rowley Papers
• Wallace-Dickey Papers

American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, Penn.

• Ely Parker Papers

Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me.

• Oliver Otis Howard Papers

Broome County Public Library, Binghamton, N.Y.

• H.C. Leach Diary

Chicago Historical Society, Chicago, Ill.

• Mason Brayman Papers
• Joseph Russell Jones Papers
• Jacob Lauman Papers
• Richard R. Puffer Papers
• John A. Rawlins Papers

Chicago Public Library, Chicago, Ill.

• John McClernand Correspondence, 2014.3, Civil War Collection
• Archival Collections

Connecticut Historical Society, Hartford, Conn.

• Charles Pollard Civil War Correspondence

Dartmouth College, Rauner Special Collections Library, Hanover, N.H.

• Manuscript Collection

Delaware Historical Society, Wilmington, Del.

• James H. Wilson Papers

Duke University, Durham, N.C.

• Charles A. Dana Papers

Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Penn.

• George G. Meade Collection (Collection 410)
• Borie Family Papers (Collection 1602)

Houghton Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

• M.F. Force Additional Papers
• MOLLUS, Commandery of the State of Massachusetts Civil War Collection
• Palfrey Family Papers
• Henry Villard Papers
• f Papers

Lake Forest-Lake Bluff Historical Society, Lake Forest, Ill.

• Israel Parsons Rumsey Papers

Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

• Alston Family Papers
• Adam Badeau Papers
• Nathaniel P. Banks Papers
• Joshua Taylor Bradford Diary
• Benjamin Butler Papers
• Sylvanus Cadwallader Papers
• William Conant Church Papers
• Louis Elseffer Papers
• Thomas Ewing Family Papers
• John N. Ferguson Diary
• Archibald Forbes Papers
• Ulysses S. Grant Papers
• Charles S. Hamilton Letter
• Ethan Allen Hitchcock Papers
• Harriette C. Keatinge Papers
• Keim Family Papers
• Robert W. Lee Collection
• Abraham Lincoln Papers
• John A. Logan Papers
• Orlando Metcalfe Poe Papers
• David Dixon Porter Papers
• Horace Porter Papers
• John M. Schofield Papers
• William Farrar Smith Papers
• William Wrenshall Smith Papers
• Edwin M. Stanton Papers
• Lew Wallace Collection
• Elihu B. Washburne Papers
• Gideon Welles Papers
• James H. Wilson Papers
• Bedford Wimer Papers

Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston, Mass.

• Charles Francis Adams Papers
• Henry Van Ness Boynton Papers
• Dwight Family Papers
• William T. Sherman Papers

Newberry Library, Special Collections, Chicago, Ill.

• Orville E. Babcock Papers
• Carlos W. Colby Papers
• Ephraim C. Dawes Papers, MwMC
• C.L. Doegen Diary
• William T. Foster Papers, MwMC
• Curtis P. Lacey Diary, MwMC
• Oliver Perry Newberry Papers, MwMC
• Johnson Paisley Diary, MwMC
• Ely Parker Papers, Edward E. Ayer Collection
• Hiram Scofield Papers, Rudy L. Ruggles Coll.
• Francis Trowbridge Sherman Papers
• Lewis C. Tallmadge Diary

New-York Historical Society, New York, N.Y.

• B.V. Wise Manuscript Collection
• Frank Moore Civil War Collection

New York Public Library, New York, N.Y.

• Ezra Ayres Carman Papers
• Century Company Records
• Charles A. Dana Collection
• John Pemberton Papers

New York State Library, Albany, N.Y.

• Gouverneur Kemble Warren Papers

Princeton University Library, Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Princeton, N.J.

• Civil War Letters of Adam Badeau, used with permission of the Princeton University Library

Smith College, Northampton, Mass.

• Clara Barton Papers, Sophia Smith Collection
• Ethan Allen Hall Diaries, Hall Family Papers

Ulysses S. Grant Association, Mississippi State, Miss.

• Ulysses S. Grant Presidential Collection, Series 2: Subject Files
• Ulysses S. Grant Presidential Collection, Series 3: Unpublished Materials

University of Colorado Libraries, Archives Department, Boulder, Colo.

• Alfred Lacey Hough Papers

University of Virginia, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, Charlottesville, Va.

• Papers of General William Silliman Hillyer

U.S. Army Heritage and Education Center, Carlisle, Penn.

• Horace Cecil Fisher Papers
• August V. Kautz Papers
• West-Stanley-Wright Family Papers

Vermont Historical Society, Barre, Vt.

• William Farrar Smith Papers

 

Newspapers

American Hebrew and Jewish Messenger
American Israelite
Amsterdam (N.Y.) Daily Democrat
Atlanta Constitution
Auburn Weekly News
Baltimore American
Baltimore Sun
Bangor Whig
Batavia, N.Y. Republican Advocate
Boston Globe
Boston Herald
Boston Journal
Bristol (Va. & Tenn.) News
Brooklyn Eagle
Chicago Evening Journal
Chicago Times
Chicago Tribune
Cincinnati Commercial
Cincinnati Enquirer
Cincinnati Gazette
Columbus Gazette
Congressional Globe
Crawfordsville (Ind.) Weekly Journal
Daily Alta California
Davenport (Iowa) Daily Gazette
Des Moines Iowa State Register
Detroit Free Press
Erie (Penn.) Observer
Geneva (N.Y.) Gazette
Hartford Courant
Huntingdon (Penn.) Globe
Jackson, Miss., Clarion
Jefferson City, Mo. State Journal
Lincoln County (Mo.) Herald
Linn County (Iowa) Register
Los Angeles Times
Louisville Journal
Madison Wisconsin Patriot
Madison Wisconsin State Journal
Memphis Appeal
Milledgeville, Ga. Confederate Union
Missouri Democrat
Missouri Republican
Nashville Union and American
New Orleans Daily Picayune
New York Evening Post
New York Evening Telegram
New York Herald
New York Jewish Messenger
New York Sun
New York Times
New York World
New-York Tribune
Philadelphia Inquirer
Philadelphia Press
Pittsburgh Dispatch
Providence Star
Quincy, Ill. Daily Whig
Quincy, Ill. Herald
Richmond Daily Dispatch
Rock Island Argus
Rolla (Mo.) Express
Sacramento Daily Union
Sacramento Record-Union
Salt Lake Democrat
Salt Lake Tribune
San Francisco Chronicle
Springfield (Mass.) Republican
Springfield Illinois State Journal
St. Louis Globe-Democrat
St. Louis Republic
Stark County Democrat (Canton, Ohio)
Toledo Democrat
Utica (N.Y.) Daily Observer
Utica (N.Y.) Morning Herald
Vicksburg Daily Herald
Washington Herald
Washington Post
Washington Evening Star
Washington National Intelligencer
Washington National Tribune
Western Christian Advocate (Cincinnati)
Wichita Eagle
Zion’s Herald and Wesleyan Journal

 

Government and Official Publications

Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park Commission. Battles about Chattanooga, Tenn., November 23–25, 1863: Orchard Knob, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, Organization of the Union Forces (commanded by Maj. Gen. U.S. Grant) and of the Confederate Forces (commanded by General Braxton Bragg). Henry V.N. Boynton, comp. Washington: Government Printing Office (GPO), 1893.

Dillahunty, Albert. Shiloh National Military Park, Tennessee. Washington: GPO, 1951.

Dobak, William A. Freedom by the Sword: The U.S. Colored Troops, 1862–1867. Washington: U.S. Army, Center of Military History, 2011.

Eaton, John. Report of the General Superintendent of Freedmen, Department of the Tennessee and State of Arkansas for 1864. Memphis: s.n., 1865.

Esposito, Vincent J., ed. The West Point Atlas of American Wars. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1959.

Gabel, Christopher R. Staff Ride Handbook for The Vicksburg Campaign, December 1862–July 1863. Fort Leavenworth, Kan.: Combat Studies Institute, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 2001.

Gabel, Christopher R. Rails to Oblivion: The Battle of Confederate Railroads in the Civil War. Fort Leavenworth, Kan.: U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 2002.

Hewett, Janet B., et al., eds. Supplement to the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. 100 vols. in 3 parts. Wilmington, N.C.: Broadfoot Publishing Company, 1994–2000.

Hinds, Asher C. Hinds’ Precedents of the House of Representatives of the United States: Including References to Provisions of the Constitution, the Laws, and Decisions of the United States Senate, Vol. 3. Washington: GPO, 1907.

Hughes, Michael J. Sherman’s 1864–65 Campaigns: Strategic Analysis and Lessons for Today. Ft. Belvoir, Va.: Defense Technical Information Center, 1994.

Keim, DeB. Randolph. Sherman: A Memorial in Art, Oratory, and Literature by the Society of the Army of the Tennessee with the aid of the Congress of the United States of America. Washington: GPO, 1904.

Lieber, Francis. General Order No. 100, Adjutant-General’s Office: Instructions for the Government of Armies of the United States, in the Field. New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1863.

National Archives, Record Groups 108 and 393.

Trial of Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, before the Senate of the United States, on Impeachment by the House of Representatives for High Crimes and Misdemeanors. 3 vols. Washington, GPO, 1868.

U.S. Army. Army and Navy Journal and Gazette of the Regular and Volunteer Forces,Vol. 3, 1865–‘66. New York: s.n., s.d.

U.S. Army. The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion, 1861–65, 6 vols. in 3 parts. Washington: GPO, 1870–88.

U.S. Army. The Philadelphia Grays’ Collection of Official Reports of Brigadier-General George Cadwalader’s Services during the Campaign of 1847 in Mexico. Philadelphia: T.K. and P.G. Collins, 1848,

U.S. Army. Proceedings, Findings, and Opinions of the Court of Inquiry … in the case of Gouverneur K. Warren. 3 parts. Washington: GPO, 1883.

U.S. Army. Regulations for the Army of the United States, 1861. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1861.

U.S. Army. Report of a Board of Army Officers upon the Claim of Maj. Gen. William Farrar Smith, U.S.V., Major U.S. Army (Retired), that he, and not General Rosecrans, originated the Plan for the Relief of Chattanooga in October, 1863. Washington: GPO, 1901.

U.S. Congress, House. Executive Documents. 44th Congress, 1st session, 1875–‘76. “A Report upon the Condition of Affairs in the Territory of Alaska.” 1876.

U.S. Congress, House. Gold Panic Investigation. 41st Congress, 2ⁿd session, 1870. Report No. 31.

U.S. Congress, House. Index to Reports of Committees. 44th Congress, 1st session, 1876.

U.S. Congress, House. Index to the Miscellaneous Documents. “Whiskey Frauds.” 44th Congress, 1st session. Report No. 186. 1876.

U.S. Congress, House. Letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting the final report made by the Commission on War Claims at St. Louis. 37th Congress, 2ⁿd session, April 1, 1862. House Exec. Doc. 97.

U.S. Congress, House. Message of the President of the United States and Accompanying Documents to the Two Houses of Congress, 40th Congress, 3rd session, 1868. Ex. Doc. No. 1.

U.S. Congress, House. Petition of Anna Ella Carroll praying Compensation for suggesting certain plans of operation for the armies of the United States during the late war. 41st Congress, 2d session, 1870. Mis. Doc. 100.

U.S. Congress, House. Memorial of Anna Ella Carroll asking Compensation for service rendered the United States in the war of the rebellion. 42d Congress, 2d session, 1872. Mis. Doc. 167.

U.S. Congress, House. Petition of Anna Ella Carroll for Compensation for services rendered to the War Department during the late war. 44th Congress, 1st session, 1876. Mis. Doc. 179.

U.S. Congress, House. Reports of Committees. 42ⁿd Congress, 3rd session, 1872–’73. 3 vols. 1873.

U.S. Congress, House. “Safe-Burglary.” Reports of Committees. 43rd Congress, 1st session. 1873–’74. 1874. Report No. 785.

U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. Report of the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. 3 parts. Washington: GPO; 1863.

U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. Report of the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. 3 parts in 1. Washington: GPO; 1865.

U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. Supplemental Report of the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. 2 vols. Washington: GPO; 1866.

U.S. Congress, Senate. Proceedings of the Senate Sitting for the Trial of William W. Belknap, Late Secretary of War, on the Articles of Impeachment exhibited by the House of Representatives. 44th Congress, 1st session, 1876.

U.S. Military Academy. Official Register of the Officers and Cadets of the U.S. Military Academy, New York: J.P. Wright, 1840; New York: J.P. Wright, 1841; New York: J.P. Wright, 1842; New York: Burroughs, 1843; Poughkeepsie, N.Y.: Haight & Dudley, 1868; Poughkeepsie, N.Y.: Haight & Dudley, 1869; Washington: GPO, 1870; New York: John F. Baldwin, 1871.

U.S. War Department. General Orders of the War Department, Embracing the Years 1861, 1862 & 1863, 2 vols. Thomas M. O’Brien & Oliver Diefendorf, comps. New York: Derby & Miller, 1864.

U.S. War Department. Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion. 30 vols. Washington: GPO, 1894–1922.

U.S. War Department. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. 128 vols. Washington: GPO, 1880–1901.

Writers’ Project, Work Projects Administration, State of New Jersey. Entertaining a Nation: Career of Long Branch. Bayonne, N.J.: Jersey, 1940.

 

Unpublished Dissertations

Cunningham, Edward O. “Shiloh and the Western Campaign of 1862.” Ph.D. dissertation, Louisiana State University, 1966.

Feis, William B. “Finding the Enemy: The Role of Military Intelligence in the Campaigns of Ulysses S. Grant, 1861–1865.” Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University, 1997.

Fonvielle, Chris. “‘The Last Rays of Departing Hope’: The Battles of Fort Fisher, the Fall of Wilmington, North Carolina, and the End of the Confederacy.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of South Carolina, 1994.

Foster, Buckley T. “Dress Rehearsal for Hard War: Sherman and the Meridian Expedition.” Ph.D. dissertation, Mississippi State University, 2003.

Frank, Lisa T. “To ‘Cure Her of Her Pride and Boasting’: The Gendered Implications of Sherman’s March.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Florida, 2001.

Garcia, Armand. “José Martí and the Global Dimensions of Late Nineteenth-century Cuban Nation Building.” Ph.D. dissertation, Washington State University, 2006.

Hagedorn, Leah E. “Jews and the American South, 1858–1905.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1999.

Hicken, Victor. “From Vandalia to Vicksburg: The Political and Military Career of John A. McClernand.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana, 1955.

Hurley, Mark S. “Union Logistics in the Vicksburg Campaign.” M.A. dissertation, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 1992.

Jones, Freeman. “Mosby’s Rangers and Partisan Warfare.” M.A. dissertation, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 1991.

Jones, Robert Steven. “The Right Hand of Command: Use and Disuse of Personal Staffs in the American Civil War.” Ph.D. dissertation, Oklahoma State University, 1997.

Kiper, Richard L. “Politician in Uniform: The Civil War Career of Major General John Alexander McClernand.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Kansas, 1996.

MacIsaac, Andrew J. “Here the Reaper was the Angel of Death: The First Maine Heavy Artillery During the Overland Campaign.” M.A. Dissertation, Harvard University, 2001.

McPherson, Milton M. “Federal Taxes on Cotton, 1862-1868.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Alabama, 1970.

Melia, Tamara M. “James B. McPherson and the Ideals of the Old Army.” Ph.D. dissertation, Southern Illinois University, 1987.

Melton, Brian C. “‘Stay and Fight It Out’: Henry W. Slocum and America’s Civil War.” Ph.D. dissertation, Texas Christian University. 2003.

Merrill, Louis T. “General Benjamin F. Butler as a Radical Leader during the Administration of Andrew Johnson.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Chicago. 1936.

Mortenson, Christopher R. “Lew Wallace and the Civil War: Politics and Generalship.” Ph.D. dissertation, Texas A&M University, 2007.

Patrick, John Joseph. “John Sherman: The Early Years, 1823-1865.” Ph.D. dissertation, Kent State University. 1982.

Varney, Frank. “The Men Grant didn’t Trust: Memoir, Memory, and the American Civil War.” Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell, 2007.

 

Books

Abbott, Henry Livermore. Fallen Leaves: the Civil War Letters of Major Henry Livermore Abbott. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1991.

Abbott, John S.C. The History of the Civil War in America. 2 vols. Norwich, Conn.: Henry Bill, 1873.

Abbott, Lemuel A. Personal Recollections and Civil War Diary, 1864. Burlington, Vt.: Free Press, 1908.

Adair, John M. Historical Sketch of the Forty-fifth Illinois Regiment. Lanark, Ill: Carroll County Gazette, 1869.

Adams, Charles F., Jr. Theodore Lyman (1833–1897) and Robert Charles Winthrop, Jr. (1834–1905). Cambridge, Mass.: John Wilson and Son, 1906.

Adams, Henry B. The Education of Henry Adams. Washington: privately printed, 1907.

Adams, John G.B. Reminiscences of the Nineteenth Massachusetts Regiment. Boston: Wright & Potter, 1899.

Agassiz, George R., ed. Meade’s Headquarters, 1863–1865: Letters of Colonel Theodore Lyman from the Wilderness to Appomattox. Boston: Atlantic Monthly, 1922.

Alexander, Augustus W. Grant as a Soldier. St. Louis: the author, 1887.

Alexander, Edward P0rter. Military Memoirs of a Confederate: A Critical Narrative. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1910.

Ambrose, D. Leib. History of the Seventh Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry. Springfield: Illinois Journal, 1868.

Ammen, Daniel. The Old Navy and the New, with an Appendix of Personal Letters from General Grant. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1891.

Anderson, John. The Fifty-seventh Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers in the War of the Rebellion, Army of the Potomac. Boston: E.B. Stillings, 1896.

Andrews, J. Cutler. The North Reports the Civil War. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1955.

Annals of Iowa: A Historical Quarterly, vols. 4–5, 3rd series. Charles Aldrich, ed. Des Moines: Historical Department of Iowa, 1899–1903.

Antietam To Appomattox: With 118th Penna. Vols., Corn Exchange Regiment, With descriptions of Marches, Battles and Skirmishes. 2 vols. Philadelphia: J.L. Smith, 1892.

Armes, George A. Ups and Downs of an Army Officer. Washington: s.n., 1900.

Armstrong, Gordon, ed. Illinois Artillery Officer’s Civil War: The Diary and Letters of John Cheney. College Station, Tex: Virtualbookworm.com, 2005.

Armstrong, William H. Warrior in Two Camps: Ely S. Parker, Union General and Seneca Chief. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 1978.

Avery, P.O. History of the Fourth Illinois Cavalry Regiment. Humboldt, Neb.: Enterprise, 1903.

Bacon, Georgeanna W. Letters of a Family during the War for the Union, 1861–1865. vol. 2. S.l.: privately printed, 1899.

Badeau, Adam. Grant in Peace: From Appomattox to Mount McGregor, a Personal Memoir. Hartford, Conn.: S.S. Scranton, 1887.

———. Military History of Ulysses S. Grant, from April, 1861, to April, 1865. 3 vols. New York: D. Appleton, 1868–81.

Bailey, Chris H. Merchants & Farmers: The Lagows: a Genealogical History of Wilson and Richard Lagow and their Descendants. Bristol, Conn.: C.H. Bailey, 1992.

Bain, David H. Empire Express: Building the First Transcontinental Railroad. New York: Viking, 1999.

Banks, Raymond H. The King of Louisiana, 1862–1865, and Other Government Work: A Biography of Major General Nathaniel Prentice Banks, Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. 2 vols. Las Vegas, Nev.: R.H. Banks, 2005.

Barber, A.W., comp. The Benevolent Raid of General Lew Wallace: How Mexico was Saved in 1864, The Monroe Doctrine in action, Testimony of a Survivor, Private Justus Brooks. Washington: R. Beresford, 1914.

Barefoot, Daniel W. General Robert F. Hoke: Lee’s Modest Warrior. Winston-Salem, N.C.: John F. Blair, 1996.

Barnes, James A., James A. Carnahan, and Thomas H.B. McCain. The Eighty-sixth Indiana Volunteer Infantry: A Narrative of its Services in the Civil War of 1861–1865. Crawfordsville, Ind.: Journal, 1895.

Bartlett, Asa W. History of the Twelfth Regiment New Hampshire Volunteers in the War of the Rebellion. Concord, N.H.: Ira C. Evans, 1897.

Basler, Roy P., ed. The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln. 9 vols. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1953–55.

Bates, David Homer. Lincoln in the Telegraph Office: Recollections of the United States Military Telegraph Corps during the Civil War. New York: Century, 1907.

Bearss, Edwin C. The Campaign for Vicksburg. 3 vols. Dayton, Ohio: Morningside, 1985–86.

Bearss, Edwin C., and J. Parker Hills. Receding tide: Vicksburg and Gettysburg: the campaigns that changed the Civil War. Washington: National Geographic Society, 2010.

Bearss, Edwin C., and Warren Grabau. The Battle of Jackson, May 14, 1863; The Siege of Jackson, July 10–17, 1863; Three Other Post-Vicksburg Actions. Baltimore: Gateway Press, 1981.

Bearss, Margie Riddle. Sherman’s Forgotten Campaign: The Meridian Expedition. Baltimore: Gateway Press, 1987.

Belknap, Charles E. History of the Michigan Organizations at Chickamauga, Chattanooga and Missionary Ridge, 1863. Lansing, Mich.: Robert Smith, 1897.

Belknap, William W., et al. History of the Fifteenth Regiment Iowa Veteran Volunteer Infantry, from October, 1861, to August, 1865, when disbanded at end of the war. Keokuk, Iowa: R.B. Ogden and Son, 1887.

Bering, John A. and Thomas Montgomery. History of the Forty-eighth Ohio Vet. Vol. Inf. giving a complete account of the regiment from its organization at Camp Dennison, O., in October, 1861, to the close of the war, and its final muster-out, May 10, 1866. Hillsboro, Ohio: Highland News Office, 1880.

Berlin, Ira, et al., eds. The Wartime Genesis of Free Labor: the Lower South. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Berry, Chester D. Loss of the Sultana and Reminiscences of Survivors. Lansing, Mich.: Darius D. Thorp, 1892.

Bicha, Karel D. C.C. Washburn and the Upper Mississippi Valley. New York: Garland, 1995.

Bidwell, Frederick D., comp. History of the Forty-ninth New York Volunteers. Albany, N.Y.: J.B. Lyon, 1916.

Biographical Sketch of the Hon. Lazarus W. Powell, (of Henderson, Ky.), Governor of the state of Kentucky from 1851 to 1855, and a Senator in Congress from 1859 to 1865. Frankfort, Ky.: Kentucky Yeoman, 1868.

Bircher, William. A Drummer-Boy’s Diary: comprising four years of service with the Second Regiment Minnesota Veteran Volunteers, 1861 to 1865. St. Paul, Minn.: St. Paul Book and Stationery Co., 1889.

Bollet, Alfred J. Civil War Medicine: Challenges and Triumphs. Tucson, Ariz.: Galen, 2002.

Bonds, Russell S. War Like a Thunderbolt: The Battle and Burning of Atlanta. Yardley, Penn.: Westholme, 2009.

Bonekemper, Edward H., III. A Victor Not a Butcher: Ulysses S. Grant’s overlooked military genius. Washington: Regnery, 2004

Boritt, Gabor S., ed. Lincoln’s Generals. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.

Bouton, Edward. Events of the Civil War. Los Angeles: Kingsley, Moles & Collins, 1906.

Boutwell, George S. The Lawyer, the Statesman and the Soldier. New York: D. Appleton, 1887.

———. Reminiscences of Sixty Years in Public Affairs. 2 vols. New York: McClure, Phillips, 1902.

Bowman, Samuel M., and Richard Bache Irwin. Sherman and His Campaigns: A Military Biography. New York: Charles B. Richardson, 1865.

Boyd, Cyrus F. The Civil War diary of Cyrus F. Boyd, Fifteenth Iowa Infantry, 1861–1863. Mildred Throne, ed. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1998.

Boynton, Henry Van Ness. Chattanooga and Chickamauga: Reprint of Gen. H.V. Boynton’s Letters to the Cincinnati Commercial Gazette, August 1888, 2ⁿd edition, with corrections. Washington: Geo. R. Gray, 1891.

———. Was General Thomas Slow at Nashville? With a Description of the Greatest Cavalry Movement of the War and General James H. Wilson’s Cavalry Operations in Tennessee, Alabama, and Georgia. New York: Francis P. Harper, 1896.

Bradley, Mark. This Astounding Close: The Road to Bennett Place. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000.

Brewer, James D. Tom Worthington’s Civil War: Shiloh, Sherman, and the search for Vindication. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 2001.

Brinton, John H. Personal Memoirs of John H. Brinton, Major and Surgeon U.S.V., 1861–1865. New York: Neale Publishing, 1914.

Brockett, Linus P. Our Great Captains: Grant, Sherman, Thomas, Sheridan, and Farragut. New York: C.B. Richardson, 1865.

Brooks, Ulysses R. Butler and His Cavalry in the War of Secession, 1861–1865. Columbia, S.C.: State, 1909.

Brown, Augustus C. The Diary of a Line Officer. S.l.: s.n., s.d.

Brown, Dee A. The Galvanized Yankees. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1963.

Brown, J. Willard. The Signal Corps, U.S.A., in the War of the Rebellion. Boston: U.S. Veteran Signal Corps Association, 1896.

Browning, Orville Hickman. The Diary of Orville Hickman Browning. 2 vols. Theodore C. Pease and James G. Randall, eds. Springfield: Illinois State Historical Library, 1925–33.

Buel, Clarence C., and Robert U. Johnson, eds. Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. 4 vols. New York: Century, 1887–88.

Buell, Augustus. “The Cannoneer”: Recollections of Service in the Army of the Potomac. Washington: National Tribune, 1890.

Buell, Thomas, Warrior Generals: Combat Leadership in the Civil War. New York: Crown, 1997.

Burke, Timothy M. The Fifth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry: A Story of Citizen Soldiers, Civil War Politics and Southwest Ohio. S.l.: s.n., s.d.

Burlingame, Michael. Abraham Lincoln: A Life, vol. 2. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008.

Burne, Alfred H. Lee, Grant and Sherman: A Study in Leadership in the 1864–65 Campaign. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2000.

Burr, Frank A. Life and Achievements of James Addams Beaver: Early Life, Military Services and Public Career. Philadelphia: Ferguson Bros., 1882.

Busch, Briton C. The War against the Seals: a History of the North American Seal Fishery. Kingston, Ont.: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1985.

Butler, Benjamin F. Autobiography and Personal Reminiscences of Major-General Benj. F. Butler: Butler’s Book, a review of his legal, political, and military career. Boston: A.M. Thayer, 1892.

———. Private and Official Correspondence of Gen. Benjamin F. Butler, during the period of the Civil War. 5 vols. Norwood, Mass.: Plimpton, 1917.

Butowsky, Harry. Appomattox Manor-City Point: A History. Philadelphia: National Park Service, Mid-Atlantic Region, 1978.

Butterfield, Daniel. General Butterfield’s Address on General Hooker and his Command at Lookout Mountain and Chattanooga, Delivered by invitation at the Public Ceremonies at the Dedication of the National Park, Chattanooga, September 18, 1895. New York: Exchange, 1896.

Byars, William Vincent. An American commoner: the life and times of Richard Parks Bland, A Study of the last Quarter of the Nineteenth Century. St. Louis: H.L. Conard, 1900.

Byers, Samuel Hawkins Marshall. Iowa in War Times. Des Moines: W.D. Condit, 1888.

Cadwallader, Sylvanus. Three Years with Grant: As Recalled by War Correspondent Sylvanus Cadwallader. Benjamin P. Thomas, ed. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1956.

———. Three Years with Grant: As Recalled by War Correspondent Sylvanus Cadwallader. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1996.

Calkins, Chris. The Danville Expedition of May and June 1865. Danville, Va.: McNaughton and Gunn, 1998.

Campbell, Jacqueline G. When Sherman Marched North from the Sea: Resistance on the Confederate Home Front. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.

Cannan, John. The Crater: Burnside’s Assault on the Confederate Trenches, July 30, 1864. Cambridge, Mass.: Da Capo Press, 2002.

Carnegie, Andrew. Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1920.

Carr, Julian S. The Hampton Roads Conference: A Refutation of the Statement that Mr. Lincoln said if Union was written at the top the Southern Commissioners might fill in the balance. S.l.: s.n., s.d.

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